Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in males has been extensively studied but less so in females. There is a general understanding that females and males’ recover differently after TBI but this has not been extensively documented. A significant gap is how the vasculature and blood brain barrier (BBB) is altered in females after TBI. Adult C57/BL6 male and female mice underwent a moderate cortical TBI. At selected time points BBB leakage and lesion volumes were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at baseline, 3-, 7-, 14-, 30-, and 60-days post injury (DPI). We also obtained classical vessel characteristics and complexity using our novel vessel painting technique at 60 DPI. We observed that females had a significant increase in vascular complexity at 60 DPI compared to the male mice. In contrast, males exhibited an increased BBB leakage and a more elevated lesion volumes over the 60 DPI time course. Our novel findings confirm that the response to a penetrating TBI in female mice...