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With an unprecedented number of wolf attacks on California’s livestock in recent years, the state’s Department of Fish and Wildlife is distributing $1.1 million to ranchers who lost their farm animals
Yes, wolves are back in California.
More than a century ago, wolf populations were extirpated largely through the state government’s campaign to kill or trap them to protect livestock. But in 2011, a collared gray wolf became the first confirmed wild wolf to return to California after it crossed the state line from Oregon.
Since then, it’s estimated that 100 wolves in 12 different packs are living in the state, mostly in Northern California. There was at least one lone wolf spotted in Southern California.
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The return of gray wolves may be beneficial for the restoration of the native species, but they are bringing back the same problems from a century ago: they are attacking farm animals.
During the first three months of 2026, wolves killed at least 26 livestock animals, including cattle, according to the California Farm Bureau, a statewide organization representing California farmers and ranchers. In 2025, California recorded 196 confirmed wolf attacks on livestock, the highest annual total since wolves returned to the state.
“For ranchers, the impact extends beyond the loss of an individual animal. Wolf depredation can disrupt herd reproduction, lower weight gain, and increase stress on the animal and the rancher who is fighting to protect their livestock,” the California Farm Bureau said.
But unlike a century ago, ranchers and livestock producers are left with few choices when wolf attacks occur, according to Steven Fenaroli with the nonprofit organization.
“A wolf may be 50 feet away, but farmers can’t do anything,” Fenaroli said, explaining wolves are protected under the California Endangered Species Act, prohibiting the killing or injuring of a wolf. “It’s terrible for the ranchers. They have to see their livestock being eaten alive.”
Fenaroli said there are no deterrents for the wolves looking to prey on the livestock, California ranchers’ livelihood. Livestock producers may use pepper balls, loud music or flagged ropes to scare wolves away, but the animals quickly figure out the methods are not life-threatening.
“Wolves are smart,” Fenaroli said. “They are doing what they were bred to do, looking for food.”
It’s not just the animals that were killed by wolves. The stress of the hostile environment could negatively impact herd reproduction and cause weight loss.
As a band-aid measure to help the affected ranchers, the state government has assigned the California Farm Bureau to distribute $1.1 million as compensation.
“While not a solution to the conflict, the Wolf Livestock Compensation Program is one avenue that helps ranchers deal with loss. Until we have more options to deter wolves, we will keep seeing more attacks on livestock,” Shannon Douglass, President of California Farm Bureau. said.
See here for eligibility and additional information on the wolf attack compensation program.
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