Publication date: 30 July 2026
Source: Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Vol. 73
Author(s): Syifa Nur Wakhidah, Rachmat Sriwijaya, Yusron Maulana Putra, Wignyo Hadriyanto
Rotary endodontic instruments are extensively utilized in root canal procedures for the removal of infected pulp tissue. These instruments are typically fabricated from nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloy, which possesses superelastic properties that enable effective navigation through curved root canals. Nevertheless, this superelasticity hinders the early detection of fatigue or fracture, thereby elevating the risk of instrument failure during clinical use. The present study aims to assess the axial stress, strain, total deformation, and fatigue life of the ProTaper Next X2 rotary endodontic file and its modified designs through the application of the finite element method (FEM). The instruments were redesigned using computer-aided design (CAD) software and subsequently analyzed with ANSYS simulation software. Evaluation parameters included von Mises stress, strain distribution, total deformation, and fatigue life. The findings were employed to compare the original and modified designs to determine an optimal structural configuration for rotary endodontic instruments.
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